Isahani

Nicyuma kibase giterwa nicyuma gishongeshejwe hanyuma ugakanda nyuma yo gukonja.
Iringaniye, urukiramende kandi irashobora kuzunguruka cyangwa gukata kumurongo mugari wibyuma.
Isahani yicyuma igabanijwe ukurikije ubunini, icyuma cyoroshye cyane kiri munsi ya mm 4 (icyoroshye ni mm 0,2), icyuma giciriritse gifite uburebure bwa mm 4-60, naho icyuma kibyibushye cyane ni 60-115 mm.
Amabati y'ibyuma agabanijwemo ibishyushye kandi bikonje ukurikije kuzunguruka.
Ubugari bw'isahani yoroheje ni 500 ~ 1500 mm; ubugari bwurupapuro rwimbitse ni 600 ~ 3000 mm. Amabati ashyirwa mubwoko bwibyuma, harimo ibyuma bisanzwe, ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge, ibyuma bivangavanze, ibyuma byamasoko, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibyuma byuma, ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, bitwaje ibyuma, ibyuma bya silikoni hamwe nicyuma cyiza cyinganda, nibindi.; Isahani ya Enamel, isahani itagira amasasu, nibindi Ukurikije igipfundikizo cyo hejuru, hariho urupapuro rwometseho amabati, urupapuro rwometseho amabati, urupapuro rwometseho isasu, urupapuro rwerekana amashanyarazi, icyuma cya plastiki gikomatanya, nibindi.
Ibyuma bito byubaka ibyuma
(bizwi kandi nk'icyuma gisanzwe gisanzwe, HSLA)
1. Intego
Ahanini ikoreshwa mugukora ibiraro, amato, ibinyabiziga, amashyiga, amato yumuvuduko mwinshi, imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze, ibyuma binini binini, nibindi.
2. Ibisabwa
(1) Imbaraga nyinshi: muri rusange imbaraga zayo zitanga umusaruro uri hejuru ya 300MPa.
. Kubice binini byo gusudira, gukomera kuvunika cyane nabyo birakenewe.
(3) Imikorere myiza yo gusudira nuburyo bukonje bukonje.
(4) Ubushyuhe buke-ubukonje bwinzibacyuho.
(5) Kurwanya ruswa nziza.
3. Ibiranga ibintu
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(2) Ongeramo ibice bya manganese.
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Wongeyeho, kongeramo umubare muto wumuringa (≤0.4%) na fosifore (hafi 0.1%) birashobora kunoza ruswa. Ongeraho umubare muto wibintu bidasanzwe byisi birashobora gutesha agaciro na degas, kweza ibyuma, no kunoza ubukana nibikorwa.
4. Bikunze gukoreshwa ibyuma bito byubaka ibyuma
16Mn nubwoko bukoreshwa cyane kandi butanga umusaruro wibyuma bito-byoroheje cyane byuma byimbaraga mugihugu cyanjye. Imiterere ikoreshwa leta ni ferrite-pearlite ifite ingano nziza, kandi imbaraga zayo ziri hejuru ya 20% kugeza 30% ugereranije n’ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone byubatswe Q235, kandi birwanya ruswa yo mu kirere biri hejuru ya 20% kugeza 38%.
15MnVN nicyuma gikoreshwa cyane mubyuma biciriritse. Ifite imbaraga nyinshi, nubukomezi bwiza, gusudira hamwe nubushyuhe buke, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho binini nkibiraro, amashyiga, nubwato.
Nyuma yurwego rwimbaraga zirenze 500MPa, ibyuma bya ferrite na pearlite biragoye kubahiriza ibisabwa, bityo ibyuma bya karuboni ya bainitike ikozwe neza. Kwiyongera kwa Cr, Mo, Mn, B nibindi bintu ni ingirakamaro kubona imiterere ya bainite mugihe cyo gukonjesha ikirere, kuburyo imbaraga ziba nyinshi, plastike nogukora gusudira nabyo nibyiza, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubyuma byumuvuduko mwinshi , imiyoboro yumuvuduko mwinshi, nibindi.
5. Ibiranga kuvura ubushyuhe
Ubu bwoko bwibyuma bukoreshwa mubisanzwe bishyushye kandi bikonje kandi ntibisaba kuvura ubushyuhe budasanzwe. Microstructure ikoreshwa leta muri rusange ferrite + sorbite.
Amavuta ya karubasi
1. Intego
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukora ibikoresho byohereza mumodoka na traktori, kamashusho, pin piston nibindi bice byimashini kuri moteri yaka imbere. Ibice nkibi bibabazwa cyane no kwambara mugihe cyakazi, kandi mugihe kimwe bitwara imitwaro minini isimburana, cyane cyane imitwaro.
2. Ibisabwa
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(2) Intangiriro ifite ubukana buhanitse n'imbaraga nyinshi zihagije. Iyo gukomera kwibanze bidahagije, biroroshye gucika munsi yibikorwa byumutwaro cyangwa imitwaro irenze; iyo imbaraga zidahagije, igicucu cya karburize cyacitse kandi cyoroshye.
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3. Ibiranga ibintu
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(2) Ongeramo ibintu bivangavanze kugirango utezimbere gukomera: Cr, Ni, Mn, B, nibindi byongeweho.
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4. Icyiciro nicyuma
20Cr nkeya gukomera alloy carburized ibyuma. Ubu bwoko bwibyuma bufite imbaraga nke nimbaraga nke zingenzi.
20CrMnTi iciriritse gikomereye alloy carburized ibyuma. Ubu bwoko bwibyuma bufite ubukana bwinshi, ubushyuhe buke bukabije, ugereranije na karburizingi yinzibacyuho, hamwe nubukanishi bwiza nubuhanga.
18Cr2Ni4WA na 20Cr2Ni4A gukomera gukomeye alloy karburize ibyuma. Ubu bwoko bwibyuma burimo ibintu byinshi nka Cr na Ni, bifite ubukana bwinshi, kandi bifite ubukana bwiza nubushyuhe bwo hasi bwubushyuhe.
5. Gushyushya imiti hamwe na microstructure
Uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa alloy carburized ibyuma muri rusange ni kuzimya mu buryo butaziguye nyuma yo gutwika, hanyuma bigahinduka ubushyuhe buke. Nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, imiterere yubuso bwa karburize ni alloy cementite + tempered martensite + agace gato ka austenite yagumishijwe, kandi ubukana ni 60HRC ~ 62HRC. Imiterere yibanze ijyanye no gukomera kwicyuma nubunini bwambukiranya ibice. Iyo bikomye rwose, ni karubone nkeya ya martensite ifite ubukana bwa 40HRC kugeza 48HRC; mubihe byinshi, ni troostite, temps martensite hamwe nicyuma gito. Umubiri wibanze, gukomera ni 25HRC ~ 40HRC. Ubukomere bwumutima burenze 700KJ / m2.
Amashanyarazi yazimye kandi afite ubushyuhe
1. Intego
Amashanyarazi yazimye kandi afite ubushyuhe bukoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice bitandukanye byingenzi kumodoka, romoruki, ibikoresho byimashini nizindi mashini, nka gare, shaft, guhuza inkoni, bolts, nibindi.
2. Ibisabwa
Ibyinshi mu bice byazimye kandi bifite ubushyuhe bitwara imizigo itandukanye yo gukora, ibintu bitesha umutwe biragoye, kandi birasabwa ibikoresho bya tekinike byuzuye, ni ukuvuga imbaraga nyinshi hamwe na plastike nziza no gukomera. Amavuta azimye kandi afite ubushyuhe nabyo bisaba gukomera neza. Ariko, imiterere yibibazo byibice bitandukanye iratandukanye, kandi ibisabwa kugirango bikomere biratandukanye.
3. Ibiranga ibintu
(1) Carbone yo hagati: ibirimo karubone muri rusange biri hagati ya 0,25% na 0,50%, hamwe na 0.4% muri benshi;
. Kurugero, imikorere yicyuma 40Cr nyuma yo kuzimya no kuvura ubushyuhe irarenze cyane icyuma 45;
. Ongeraho Mo na W mubyuma birashobora gukumira ubwoko bwa kabiri bwuburakari, kandi ibiyikubiyemo ni 0.15% -0.30% Mo cyangwa 0.8% -1.2% W.
Kugereranya imitungo yicyuma 45 na 40Cr ibyuma nyuma yo kuzimya no gutwarwa
Urwego rw'icyuma no gutunganya ubushyuhe Icyiciro Ingano / mm sb / MPa ss / MPa d5 /% y /% ak / kJ / m2
45 ibyuma 850 qu kuzimya amazi, 550 ℃ ubushyuhe f50 700 500 15 45 700
40Cr ibyuma 850 qu kuzimya amavuta, 570 ℃ ubushyuhe f50 (intangiriro) 850 670 16 58 1000
4. Icyiciro nicyuma
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. Kwiyongera kwa molybdenum ntigushobora kunoza ubukana gusa, ahubwo birashobora no gukumira ubwoko bwa kabiri bwuburakari.
(3) 40R Ongeramo molybdenum ikwiye kuri chromium-nikel ibyuma ntabwo bifite ubukana bwiza gusa, ahubwo binakuraho ubwoko bwa kabiri bwuburakari.
5. Gushyushya imiti hamwe na microstructure
Ubushuhe bwa nyuma bwo kuvura ibyuma byazimye kandi byoroheje ni ukuzimya hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru (kuzimya no gutuza). Amashanyarazi azimye kandi afite ubushyuhe afite ubukana bwinshi, kandi amavuta arakoreshwa muri rusange. Iyo gukomera ari binini cyane, birashobora no gukonjeshwa ikirere, bishobora kugabanya ubusembwa bwo kuvura ubushyuhe.
Ibintu byanyuma bya alloy yazimye kandi byoroheje biterwa nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe. Mubisanzwe, ubushyuhe kuri 500 ℃ -650 ℃ burakoreshwa. Muguhitamo ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, ibintu bisabwa birashobora kuboneka. Kugirango wirinde ubwoko bwa kabiri bwubushyuhe, gukonjesha byihuse (gukonjesha amazi cyangwa gukonjesha amavuta) nyuma yubushyuhe ni ingirakamaro mugutezimbere ubukana.
Microstructure ya alloy yazimye kandi ifite ubushyuhe nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe busanzwe ni temp sorbite. Kubice bisaba isura idashobora kwihanganira kwambara (nka gare na spindles), ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya induction hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hasi burakorwa, kandi imiterere yubuso irangwa na martensite. Ubukomere bwo hejuru bushobora kugera kuri 55HRC ~ 58HRC.
Imbaraga zumusaruro wa alloy yazimye kandi ushushe nyuma yo kuzimya no gutwarwa ni 800MPa, naho gukomera kwingaruka ni 800kJ / m2, kandi ubukana bwintangiriro burashobora kugera kuri 22HRC ~ 25HRC. Niba ingano yambukiranya ibice ari nini kandi idakomeye, imikorere iragabanuka cyane.